in this case, the value of X in Mikaeus' mana cost is taken to be 0 in determining the cost of Lazav's activated ability.
This is misleading. There are two 'X' in this situation (one on Mikaeus and one on Lazav) and they have different values.
While it's in the graveyard, Mikaeus' converted mana cost is one (the zero value of its X and the white mana), therefore Lazav's ability will cost one mana and its X is 1.
would they each trigger Twinning Staff separately on the stack
To be precise, both Melek and Kalamax do trigger simultaneously. However, they will resolve separately, which is why Staff makes two additional copies.
See rules 603.3b & 608 for details.
Additionally, neither of them 'trigger' Twinning Staff. What actually happens is that Staff's ability will modify the effects of those two as they are happening.
See rule 614.1a for details.
or would Twinning Staff only copy once since all of the copy triggers are targeting the same spell?
Neither Melek nor Kalamax target anything. The word 'target' has very specific meaning, in Magic, and its misuse may lead to confusion.
115.10a Just because an object or player is being affected by a spell or ability doesn’t make that object or player a target of that spell or ability. Unless that object or player is identified by the word “target” in the text of that spell or ability, or the rule for that keyword ability, it’s not a target.
You'll get two additional copies.
Melek and Kalamax abilities won't resolve simultaneously: they'll resolve one at a time. Each time, Staff adds one copy.
If I have a sac outlet, Is it possible to sac a 5 cmc cleric and then sac orah and return orah with the 5 cmc trigger?
In short, this generally does not work, because most sac oulets let you sac your stuff one object at a time: then, Orah's trigger requires a target, which you must choose BEFORE you get the chance to sacrifice something else (Orah, in this case).
Hellkite must attack, and the other cannot. (unless the random opponent somehow cannot be attacked by Hellkite)
508.1d (...) If the number of requirements that are being obeyed is fewer than the maximum possible number of requirements that could be obeyed without disobeying any restrictions, the declaration of attackers is illegal. (...) Example: A player controls two creatures: one that “attacks if able” and one with no abilities. An effect states “No more than one creature can attack each turn.” The only legal attack is for just the creature that “attacks if able” to attack. It’s illegal to attack with the other creature, attack with both, or attack with neither.
Scenario 2: Heartless Summoning + Ruthless Ripper or any morph creatures with 1 toughness. Will their abilities still trigger before when flipped before they end up in the graveyard.
Scenario 1:
-You unmorph Ruthless Ripper before the bounce resolves: its ability triggers and will eventually make someone lose 2 life.
-Then, Ruthless Ripper dies, because it's a 0/0.
-Then, Cloudstone's bounce resolves: if you wish to bounce something, you may, but it can't be Ruthless Ripper since it's dead.
Protection does not stop any of WoSI's efects, so yes, Progy gets tapped and remains so.
BTY, the Legend rule still apply: if both Pogenitus are yours, you'll have to kill one.
Vraska, Golgari Queen other words can I cast vraska with its 4 loyalty counters activate the -9 effect killing vraska off & acquiring the emblem?
No, you can't.
Vraska needs at least 9 Loyalty counters for you to activate its ultimate ability: the cost is 'remove 9 counters'; if there are only 4, you simply can't pay the cost, thus can't activate the ability. (rule 606.5)
But, yes, if Vraska has exactly 9 counters, you can activate it; and Vraska will die immediately, but you'll get the emblem.
is it possible to end my turn with Obeka, Brute Chronologist after getting my 5 cards, but before my opponent can resolve his "free" spell from my allure?
116. Special Actions
116.1. Special actions are actions a player may take when they have priority that don’t use the stack. These are not to be confused with turn-based actions and state-based actions, which the game generates automatically.
116.2. There are nine special actions:
116.2a Playing a land is a special action. (...)
116.2c Some effects allow a player to take an action at a later time, usually to end a continuous effect (...). Doing so is a special action. A player can take such an action any time they have priority,(...)
If I declare a blocking creature to my opponent's attacking creature and during combat I activated my creatures ability tapping it does that creature still take the combat damage. Or should that just be declared a blocker and negate the damage step?
506.4b Tapping or untapping a creature that’s already been declared as an attacker or blocker doesn’t remove it from combat and doesn’t prevent its combat damage.
Woah, guess I missed some functionnal updates here! Must have been coviblinded...
I know this is no rule question but, are there many other cards that were updated from Exile to Phase Out, like Oubliette?
While it's in the graveyard, Mikaeus' converted mana cost is one (the zero value of its X and the white mana), therefore Lazav's ability will cost one mana and its X is 1.
To be precise, both Melek and Kalamax do trigger simultaneously. However, they will resolve separately, which is why Staff makes two additional copies.
See rules 603.3b & 608 for details.
Additionally, neither of them 'trigger' Twinning Staff. What actually happens is that Staff's ability will modify the effects of those two as they are happening.
See rule 614.1a for details.
Neither Melek nor Kalamax target anything. The word 'target' has very specific meaning, in Magic, and its misuse may lead to confusion.
Melek and Kalamax abilities won't resolve simultaneously: they'll resolve one at a time. Each time, Staff adds one copy.
Example: A player controls two creatures: one that “attacks if able” and one with no abilities. An effect states “No more than one creature can attack each turn.” The only legal attack is for just the creature that “attacks if able” to attack. It’s illegal to attack with the other creature, attack with both, or attack with neither.
-You unmorph Ruthless Ripper before the bounce resolves: its ability triggers and will eventually make someone lose 2 life.
-Then, Ruthless Ripper dies, because it's a 0/0.
-Then, Cloudstone's bounce resolves: if you wish to bounce something, you may, but it can't be Ruthless Ripper since it's dead.
Scenario 2:
-Yes.
BTY, the Legend rule still apply: if both Pogenitus are yours, you'll have to kill one.
Vraska needs at least 9 Loyalty counters for you to activate its ultimate ability: the cost is 'remove 9 counters'; if there are only 4, you simply can't pay the cost, thus can't activate the ability. (rule 606.5)
But, yes, if Vraska has exactly 9 counters, you can activate it; and Vraska will die immediately, but you'll get the emblem.
116.1. Special actions are actions a player may take when they have priority that don’t use the stack. These are not to be confused with turn-based actions and state-based actions, which the game generates automatically.
116.2. There are nine special actions:
116.2a Playing a land is a special action. (...)
116.2c Some effects allow a player to take an action at a later time, usually to end a continuous effect (...). Doing so is a special action. A player can take such an action any time they have priority,(...)
I know this is no rule question but, are there many other cards that were updated from Exile to Phase Out, like Oubliette?