With trample, you don't take effects that would increase or decrease the damage into account when determining if it has lethal damage assigned to it. That means that you don't get to take Torbran's effect into account when you're assigning damage. A 4/4 with trample that's blocked by a 1/1 would have to assign 1 damage to the 1/1 and can assign the remaining 3 damage to the defending player - then when we would deal the damage, the damage that would be dealt to the 1/1 is increased by 2 to 3 damage, and the damage that would be dealt to the opponent is increased by 2, and they take 5 damage.
Private Mod Note
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DCI Level 2 Judge
Scientists have calculated that the chance of anything so patently absurd actually existing are millions to one. But magicians have calculated that million-to-one chances crop up nine times out of ten.
You have to assign 1 damage to the creature, and the other 3 damage to the player. The damage is then increased as it's dealt, so the creature will take 3 damage (the excess damage doesn't then trample over, because you've already assigned the Super-Duper Death Ray's damage) and the player will take 5 damage.
There aren't really rules for how trample works on an instant, but that's how it works for trample damage assigned in combat, so I'd assume it work the same way here.
Note that the comprehensive rules don't define how trample on an instant spell works, as opposed to how trample changes how a creature assigns combat damage (review C.R. 702.19); in the case of "silver-bordered" cards such as Super-Duper Death Ray, this is a matter for the players in the game to decide (perhaps with inspiration from that card's reminder text).
In general, in a game allowing "silver-bordered" cards such as those in Unsanctioned and Unstable, the players in the game can agree on modifications to the comprehensive rules ("house rules") to accommodate situations, such as this one, that the comprehensive rules neither regulate nor answer and that are unique to such cards (see also C.R. 100.7). Although Mark Rosewater issues "rulings" on how certain game situations unique to such cards play out, such advice is no more or less valid than the "house rules" agreed to by the players (that is, such players can agree whether to adopt such "rulings" or not).
Super-Duper Death Ray does four damage, Torbran, Thane of Red Fell adds two when hitting the creature and does it add an additional two when hitting the player? 4+2-1+2=7
Scientists have calculated that the chance of anything so patently absurd actually existing are millions to one. But magicians have calculated that million-to-one chances crop up nine times out of ten.
There aren't really rules for how trample works on an instant, but that's how it works for trample damage assigned in combat, so I'd assume it work the same way here.
Commander/EDH Decks:
BRG The Blood of Jund - Kresh the Bloodbraided BRG
WR The Blades of Goldnight - Gisela, Blade of Goldnight WR
In general, in a game allowing "silver-bordered" cards such as those in Unsanctioned and Unstable, the players in the game can agree on modifications to the comprehensive rules ("house rules") to accommodate situations, such as this one, that the comprehensive rules neither regulate nor answer and that are unique to such cards (see also C.R. 100.7). Although Mark Rosewater issues "rulings" on how certain game situations unique to such cards play out, such advice is no more or less valid than the "house rules" agreed to by the players (that is, such players can agree whether to adopt such "rulings" or not).